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+Benchmark for Computer-Algebra Libraries
+========================================
+
+(jointly developed by the LiDIA and CLN developers, 1996)
+
+A. Elementary integer computations
+B. Transcendental functions
+C. Elementary polynomial functions
+D. Polynomial factorization
+
+A. Elementary integer computations:
+ The tests are run with N = 100, 1000, 10000, 100000 decimal digits.
+ Precompute x1 = floor((sqrt(5)+1)/2 * 10^(2N))
+ x2 = floor(sqrt(3) * 10^N)
+ x3 = 10^N+1
+ Then time the following operations:
+ 1. Multiplication x1*x2,
+ 2. Division (with remainder) x1 / x2,
+ 3. integer_sqrt(x3),
+ 4. gcd(x1,x2),
+A'. (from Pari)
+ u=1;v=1;p=1;q=1;for(k=1..1000){w=u+v;u=v;v=w;p=p*w;q=lcm(q,w);}
+
+B. Transcendental functions: The tests are run with a precision of
+ N = 100, 1000, 10000, 100000 decimal digits.
+ Precompute x1 = sqrt(2)
+ x2 = sqrt(3)
+ x3 = log(2)
+ Then time the following operations:
+ 1. Multiplication x1*x2,
+ 2. Square root sqrt(x3),
+ 3. pi (once),
+ 4. Euler's constant C (once),
+ 5. e (once),
+ 6. exp(-x1),
+ 7. log(x2),
+ 8. sin(5*x1),
+ 9. cos(5*x1),
+ 10. asin(x3),
+ 11. acos(x3),
+ 12. atan(x3),
+ 13. sinh(x2),
+ 14. cosh(x2),
+ 15. asinh(x3),
+ 16. acosh(1+x3),
+ 17. atanh(x3).
+
+C. Univariate polynomials: The tests are run with degree N = 100, 1000, and
+ with coefficient bound M = 10^9, 10^20.
+ Precompute p1(X) = sum(i=0..2N, (floor(sqrt(5)*M*i) mod M)*(-1)^i * X^i)
+ p2(X) = sum(i=0..N, (floor(sqrt(3)*M*i) mod M) * x^i
+ Then time the following operations:
+ 1. Multiplication p1(X)*p2(X),
+ 2. Pseudo-division p1(X)*c^N = p2(X)*q(X)+r(X),
+ 3. gcd(p1(X),p2(X)).
+
+D. Factorization of univariate polynomials: The benchmark by J. von zur Gathen.
+ For N = 500, precompute p := smallest prime >= pi*2^N.
+ Then time the following operation:
+ 1. Factorize X^N+X+1 mod p in the ring F_p[X].
+ [von zur Gathen: A Polynomial Factorization Challenge.
+ SIGSAM Bulletin 26,2 (1992), 22-24.]
+